Social Security : How to fill out the consent for spouse’s or divorced spouse’s benefits and where to apply
If you are seeking Social Security benefits as a spouse or divorced spouse, having an understanding of and completing Form SSA-2 is important.
What is Form SSA-2?
Form SSA-2 is used when applying for Social Security benefits based on a spouse’s or ex-spouse’s earnings record. This includes spousal benefits for married individuals or benefits for divorced individuals whose marriage lasted at least 10 years. Eligibility also depends on specific conditions such as age (62 or older) and marital status (for divorced spouses).
Information required to complete Form SSA-2
To ensure a smooth application process, gather the following details:
- Personal information:
- Your Social Security number.
- Your birthdate and place of birth.
- Citizenship status.
- Marriage details:
- Names and birthdates of your current or former spouses.
- Dates and locations of marriages, and if applicable, how and when they ended.
- Employment and benefits history:
- Work history and earnings for the current and previous year.
- Details of any benefits received under another country’s Social Security system.
- Bank account information:
- Direct deposit details to set up electronic payments.
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Documents you may need to provide
The Social Security Administration (SSA) often requires documentation to verify your eligibility. Examples include:
- Original or certified copies of your birth certificate.
- Marriage certificate or final divorce decree.
- Proof of US citizenship or lawful alien status if you were not born in the US.
- Recent W-2 forms or self-employment tax returns.
- Military service discharge papers, if applicable.
Important: Photocopies are acceptable for some documents like tax forms, but originals or certified copies are required for most personal documents. If you lack any required documents, the SSA may assist you in obtaining them.
How to apply for spouse’s or divorced spouse’s benefits
You can apply in several ways, depending on your preference and accessibility:
- Online:
- Visit the SSA’s official website.
- Create or log in to your “my Social Security” account.
- Follow the instructions to complete the retirement application, which includes spousal benefits.
- By phone:
- Call the SSA toll-free at 1-800-772-1213 (TTY 1-800-325-0778).
- This option is particularly helpful if you cannot access the internet.
- In-person:
- Visit your local Social Security office. While appointments are not required, scheduling one may save time.
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Completing the application process
Once you’ve filled out Form SSA-2 and submitted it with the required documents, the SSA will:
- Review your application and confirm your eligibility.
- Notify you of any additional information or documents needed.
- Provide updates on the status of your application.
After submission, you can monitor your application’s progress through your “my Social Security” account or by contacting the SSA.
Additional considerations for divorced spouses
If you’re applying based on an ex-spouse’s record, ensure you meet these conditions:
- The marriage lasted at least 10 years.
- You’re currently unmarried.
- Your ex-spouse is eligible for retirement or disability benefits.
If your ex-spouse has not yet applied for benefits but is eligible, you can still apply if you’ve been divorced for at least two continuous years.
Tips for a smooth application experience
- Prepare early: Begin gathering required documents before applying.
- Stay informed: Use SSA resources like checklists to ensure completeness.
- Follow up: Regularly check your application status online or by phone.
